D-Pantothenic acid is a precursor in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A . Pantothenol which is a pantotheic acid derivative is used as an ointment that can help cure the ulceration. It has also been shown to improve the lipid profile in the blood and liver. Pantothenic acid has found to have an effect on wound healing. Pantothenic acid and its derivatives, 4'-phosphopantothenic acid, pantothenol and pantethine, have been shown, in vitro, to protect cells against lipid peroxidation. This protective effect is thought to be due to its stimulation of increased cellular levels of coenzyme A. It has also been shown to increase levels of cellular reduced glutathione.