Medium 199 With Earle's salts and L-Glutamine Without Sodium bicarbonate is supplied by HiMedia. It is available in the form of an off-white to creamish white homogenous powder. The pH without Sodium Bicarbonate is between 4.4 -5.0 whereas the pH with Sodium Bicarbonate is between 7.2 -7.8. The osmolality without Sodium Bicarbonate is in the range of 230.00 -270.00 Osm/Kg H20 whereas the osmolality with Sodium Bicarbonate 280.00 -320.00 Osm/Kg H20. It is advisable to store this product between 2-8C.Media composition (in mg/L) is as follows:

Calcium chloride dihydrate (265.00)

Magnesium sulphate anhydrous (97.72)

Potassium chloride (400.00)

Sodium acetate anhydrous (50.00)

Sodium chloride (6800.00)

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous (122.00)

Amino acids

Calciferol (0.10)

Choline chloride (0.50)

D-Biotin (0.01)

D-Ca-Pantothenate (0.01)

DL-Tocopherol phosphate disodium salt (0.01)

Folic acid (0.01)

Menadione (0.01)

Nicotinamide (0.02)

Nicotinic acid (0.02)

Pyridoxal hydrochloride (0.02)

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (0.02)

Retinol Acetate (0.14)

Riboflavin (0.01)

Thiamine hydrochloride (0.01)

i-Inositol (0.05)

p-Amino benzoic acid (PABA) (0.05)

Adenine sulphate (10.00)

Adenosine triphosphate (1.00)

Adenosine monophosphate (0.20)

Cholesterol (0.20)

Deoxyribose (0.50)

Ferric nitrate nonahydrate (0.72)

Glucose (1000.00)

Glutathione reduced (0.05)

Guanine hydrochloride (0.30)

Hypoxanthine (0.35)

Phenol red (15.00)

Polysorbate 80 (4.90)

Ribose (0.50)

Thymine (0.30)

Uracil (0.30)

Xanthine (0.34)

Medium 199 was the first nutritionally defined medium developed by Morgan, Morton, and Parker in 1950. This complex medium was formulated specifically for nutritional studies on primary chick embryo fibroblasts in the absence of any additives. It was observed that explanted tissue could survive in Medium 199 without serum but long-term cultivation of cells required supplementation of the medium with serum. Medium 199 is prepared either with Hank's salts or Earle's salts. The medium when supplemented with serum can be used for growth of a wide variety of cells. Medium 199 is presently used for the maintenance of non-transformed cells, vaccine and virus production and primary explants of epithelial cells. This product contains Earle's salts and L-glutamine. It is advisable to review the literature for recommendations regarding medium supplementation and physiological growth requirements specific for different cell lines.